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Numenius hudsonicus

Latham, 1790

Hudsonian Whimbrel

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Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.793078
Element CodeABNNF07022
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVertebrate Animal
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumCraniata
ClassAves
OrderCharadriiformes
FamilyScolopacidae
GenusNumenius
Synonyms
Numenius phaeopus hudsonicusLatham, 1790
Concept Reference
American Ornithologists' Union (AOU). 1998. Check-list of North American birds. Seventh edition. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C. [as modified by subsequent supplements and corrections published in The Auk]. Also available online: http://www.aou.org/.
Taxonomic Comments
Taxon hudsonicus (polytypic, including rufiventris) is treated as a species separate from Numenius phaeopus based on morphology and deep genomic DNA divergence (McLaughlin et al. 2020, Gill et al. 2023, Tan et al. 2023, AviList 2025, Skeel et al. 2025). However, vocalizations seem similar, and a formal bioacoustic analysis is lacking (AviList 2025).
Ecology & Habitat
Other Nations (2)
United StatesNNRB,NNRN
ProvinceRankNative
FloridaS2NYes
LouisianaS3MYes
VirginiaSNAYes
GeorgiaS3Yes
IdahoSNAYes
NevadaSNAYes
New HampshireSNAYes
WisconsinSNAYes
KansasS2NYes
OklahomaS1NYes
TexasS4Yes
MarylandS2MYes
MaineS2NYes
AlabamaS3NYes
CaliforniaSNRNYes
Rhode IslandS3NYes
NebraskaSNRNYes
PennsylvaniaS2MYes
MontanaSNAYes
MichiganSNRNYes
OregonSNAYes
OhioSNAYes
UtahSNAYes
New YorkSNRNYes
District of ColumbiaS1NYes
MinnesotaSNRMYes
DelawareS1MYes
WyomingS4NYes
MississippiSNAYes
MassachusettsS3NYes
ArizonaS2MYes
Navajo NationS2MYes
New JerseyS4NYes
North CarolinaSNAYes
WashingtonS3NYes
AlaskaSNRBYes
IowaS1NYes
ColoradoSNAYes
ConnecticutSNAYes
MissouriSNAYes
South CarolinaS2NYes
CanadaN3B,N4M
ProvinceRankNative
British ColumbiaS1B,SNRMYes
NunavutS3BYes
Island of NewfoundlandS2MYes
SaskatchewanS4MYes
Nova ScotiaS2MYes
LabradorS3MYes
ManitobaS3BYes
Yukon TerritoryS3BYes
Northwest TerritoriesS3Yes
AlbertaSUMYes
Prince Edward IslandS2MYes
OntarioS3B,S4MYes
QuebecS3MYes
New BrunswickS3MYes
References (8)
  1. American Ornithological Society (AOS). Chesser, R. T., S. M. Billerman, K. J. Burns, C. Cicero, J. L. Dunn, B. E. Hernández-Baños, R. A. Jiménez, A. W. Kratter, N. A. Mason, P. C. Rasmussen, J. V. Remsen, Jr., D. F. Stotz, and K. Winker. 2022. Sixty-third Supplement to the American Ornithological Society’s Check-list of North American Birds. Ornithology 139:1-13.
  2. American Ornithologists' Union (AOU). 1998. Check-list of North American birds. Seventh edition. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C. [as modified by subsequent supplements and corrections published in <i>The Auk</i>]. Also available online: http://www.aou.org/.
  3. AviList Core Team. 2025. AviList: The Global Avian Checklist, v2025. https://doi.org/10.2173/avilist.v2025 [Note this is no longer the most current version of the AviList checklist, see W25AVI02NAUS].
  4. Gill, F., D. Donsker, and P. Rasmussen (Eds). 2023. IOC World Bird List (v13.1). doi : 10.14344/IOC.ML.13.1.
  5. McLaughlin, J. F., B. C. Faircloth, T. C. Glenn, and K. Winker. 2020. Divergence, gene flow, and speciation in eight lineages of trans-Beringian birds. Molecular Ecology 29(18):3526-3542.
  6. Skeel, M. A., E. P. Mallory, and P. Pyle. 2025. Hudsonian Whimbrel (Numenius hudsonicus), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (S. M. Billerman and M. G. Smith, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.whimbr3.01
  7. Tan, H. Z., E. Ying Xin Ng, Q. Tang, G. A. Allport, J. Jansen, P. S. Tomkovich, and F. E. Rheindt. 2019. Population genomics of two congeneric Palaearctic shorebirds reveals differential impacts of Quaternary climate oscillations across habitats types. Scientific Reports 9(1):18172.
  8. Tan, H. Z., J. JFJ Jansen, G. A. Allport, K. M. Garg, B. Chattopadhyay, M. Irestedt, S. EH Pang, G. Chilton, C. Yin Gwee, and F. E. Rheindt. 2023. Megafaunal extinctions, not climate change, may explain Holocene genetic diversity declines in Numenius shorebirds. Elife 12:e85422.